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Monday, May 17, 2010

《沸腾十五年》- 中国互联网大佬们创业发家的历史

http://www.williamlong.info/blog/archives/438.html

  这些天看了本书《沸腾十五年》,这是我看到的第一本关于互联网的八卦书,原来以为只有娱乐圈才有,这本书详细的讲了目前叱咤风云的互联网大佬们当年创业发家的历史,看了令人热血沸腾,会产生一种马上就进行互联网创业的冲动。

  过去的成败已经是过眼烟云,以下是我摘录的此书中一些很有趣的细节描述:

  1995年,丁磊,大学毕业后两年从电信局辞职去广州,之后两年创办网易,八年后成为中国首富。

  1995年,张朝阳,张朝阳以麻省理工学院亚太地区中国联络负责人的身份出国后第二次回到中国,他发现一个在中国生活的人是多么幸福。他们生活在自己的文化里,非常充实。而在美国的华人则是不在主流文化圈子里的一群人,跟社会几乎没有太多关系,只是麻木地生活在另一种意义上的世外桃源里。

  1995年,王志东,在这次会谈中,王志东开始朦朦胧胧地接受四通利方不是一家中国软件公司,而是一家全球软件公司,只是其总部设立在中国而已的概念,这让王志东从一个完全意义上的本土创业者开始逐步蜕变成具有海外视野的本土创业者。

  1998年11月11日,马化腾、张志东、曾李青、许晨晔、陈一丹5人联合创办一家叫腾讯的公司,其最初所在地是深圳华强北商业圈后一栋名为华强北创业园的小楼里。几乎在马化腾创业的同时,这一年的10月,自称是方正最好的高级程序员的周鸿祎从新疆方正回到阔别10个月的北京,他也决定自己创业。他决定做一个中文网址的小东西,为了好推广这个小玩意儿,他给这个小玩意儿起了一个名字"3721"。

  1999年4月,陈一舟从美国回来找雷军,和雷军聊了一阵互联网之后,陈一舟告诉雷军,他要办个网站超过网易。和丁磊很熟的雷军觉得他在胡说。让雷军没想到的是,6个月后,陈一舟将网站建了起来,用12个月烧1000万美元的速度将ChinaRen做得人气挺高。1999年年底,雷军问陈一舟:"ChinaRen人气的确做得不错,但你靠什么赚钱呢?"陈一舟回答:"来我这里的都是年轻人,有很强的消费能力。他们在我这里聊天、做个人主页,高兴得一塌糊涂,然后,我就可以向这些人卖手机呀……"雷军立即告诉陈一舟这种想法没戏。

  2001年9月20日,Baidu.com开始竞价排名业务。第一天的竞价排名收入仅仅是1.9元,第二天也仅3元多,但第三天超过了10元,第五天超过了200元。李彦宏的冒险获得了成功。不过,百度由于过分依赖竞价排名这一多少有些投机取巧的商业模式,这在若干年后的2008年年底让百度处于众矢之的的尴尬位置。

  2001年9月28日,《热血传奇》开始公测,两个月后正式收费。盛大的陈天桥充分利用他的人脉资源和他的商业智慧,创造了一个空手套白狼的运营模式:他首先拿着与韩国方面签订的合约,找到浪潮、戴尔,告诉他们他要运作韩国人的游戏,申请试用机器两个月。对方一看是国际正规合同,于是就同意了。然后陈天桥再拿着服务器的合约,以同样的方式找到中国电信谈。中国电信最终给了盛大两个月测试期免费的带宽试用。有了韩方的合同,再加上服务器厂家和中国电信的支持,陈天桥又取得了当时国内首屈一指的单机游戏分销商上海育碧的信任,代销盛大游戏点卡,分成33%。陈天桥由此完成了中国互联网历史乃至中国商业历史上最经典的无中生有的商业游戏。

  2002年后,中国本土的网民浏览中文版的Google时就开始出现断网现象;同一时期,被称为"中国Google"的百度推出独立搜索引擎,逐渐发力,后来居上。这最终促使Google总部在中文版推出5年后,决定实质性地进入中国市场。可惜,进入中国之后,Google神话没有继续。

  2005年11月24日、28日和29日,盛大先后宣布三款主打游戏《梦幻国度》、《热血传奇》和《传奇世界》实行"永久免费",抛弃原有的计时收费的商业模式。也就是说,盛大将不再根据玩家的上线时间来收费,而是靠销售各种虚拟"道具"与提供增值服务来获得收入。对于这个有些匪夷所思的免费,业界一片哗然,"陈天桥疯了"成为最直接的解释。

  2006年的中文互联网世界,开始有了些许的江湖味道,开始割据,开始形成自己的势力范围,开始有派系,开始有大哥,开始面对面,开始真刀真枪地对着干,开始抢地盘划地界,甚至有下三烂的招数和不为人道的伎俩,可能你不喜欢,但这却是事实。

  关于互联网和改革开放的关系,笔者喜欢提及的一个说法是,互联网是中国改革的下半场。这不仅是因为中国互联网所走过的15年的岁月正好与改革开放30年的后15年历史进程完全重合,更重要的是,与中国的其他行业相比,互联网行业更开放,更透明,更崇尚创业文化,更鼓励大胆创新,有更多的财富倍增的对接手段,也产生过足够多的阳光富豪和社会偶像。这不就是我们努力推动我们这个国家变迁、努力改变我们自我命运所希望的吗?

Importing Goods into Canada with eBay

http://pages.ebay.ca/help/sellerguide/shipping/importing.html

Shipments to Canada:
As a Canadian buying from a US or international seller (the "exporter"), you are the "importer" of goods. Goods entering Canada will be inspected by the Canada Border Services Agency (CBSA) and assessed for applicable Customs duties, taxes and charges. It is the importer's responsibility to account for any duties and/or taxes, while ensuring compliance with Customs regulations in Canada.

Duties and Taxes Payment
Duty and/or Tax Free Items
Customs Brokers

What does the US or International Seller have to do?
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Attach a Customs Declaration Form. The exporter must complete and attach a standard Customs declaration to all items they ship by mail to Canada, accurately describing the goods, stating their origin, and reporting their value. A false or incomplete declaration could result in unnecessary delays in processing your shipment. A Canada Customs Invoice or Commercial Invoice is the most common form used.

What does the Canadian Buyer have to do?
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Pay Applicable Customs Duties and Taxes. You must pay for applicable duties and/or taxes before the goods can be released to you

• You pay duties based on the value of the goods in Canadian funds (duty rates vary according to the type of goods you are importing and the country they came from or were made in);

• You pay Goods and Services Tax (GST) on most goods you import into Canada. GST is 5%, calculated on the item's total value (in C$) plus any duties that apply;

• You pay Provincial Sales Tax (PST) on all goods that are taxable under the province's tax base if you live in BC, Ontario, Manitoba, PEI, Saskatchewan or Quebec. PST is charged according to the provincial tax rate that applies.

• You pay Harmonized Sales Tax (HST) instead of GST if you live in New Brunswick, Nova Scotia, Newfoundland or Labrador. HST is 14%, calculated on the item's total value (in C$) plus any duties that apply.

Here is an example of an invoice indicating a value of US$100:
US$100 x 1.16 = C$116 (Value for Duty)
C$116 (Value for Duty) x 4% (Rate of duty)= C$4.64 (Customs Duties)
C$116 (Value for Duty) + C$4.64 (Customs Duties) = C$120.64 (Value for Tax)
C$120.64 x 5% GST = C$6.03 (Amount of GST)
Total Taxes and Duty to pay: C$4.64 + C$6.03 = C$10.67



Pay a Canada Post C$5 Handling Fee
. You pay a $5 handling fee to cover Canada Post's cost for performing Customs services on your behalf. If your mail item is duty- and/or tax-free, you do not have to pay the fee.

Ensure Canada Customs Compliance
. Make sure your US or international seller provides accurate and compliant documentation with the shipment. You will enjoy faster release times and avoid unnecessary import penalties.

Understand NAFTA Duty-Free Rates
. You are ultimately responsible for having a fully completed and valid NAFTA certificate on file for any goods claiming the duty free rate of duty under NAFTA. To learn how to complete an accurate and valid NAFTA certificate, click here.

What Items are Duty and/or Tax-Free?
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Gifts Worth $60 or Less. A gift valued at C$60 or less is exempt from duties and taxes, as long as the gift is worth C$60 or less. For gifts worth more than C$60, you have to pay duties and taxes on the amount over the C$60 exemption.

• The Customs declaration form should clearly identify the good as a gift and should include a gift card to avoid any misunderstanding

Items Worth $20 or Less
. Any good valued at C$20 or less is exempt from duties and taxes. For goods worth more than C$20, you have to pay duties and taxes on the entire value.

NAFTA-eligible Goods
. Qualifying goods with a valid NAFTA Certificate of Origin will enter Canada duty free.

Can I Determine in Advance What Duties and Taxes I will have to pay?

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Calculate Duties and Taxes Before Buying. You can determine the duties and/or taxes you will have to pay on the goods before buying or bidding by using the My BorderPro Landed Cost Calculator. It is important that you have a thorough description of the goods and know the value and country of origin.

Customs Brokers
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As an importer, you can opt to hire a professional Customs broker, like A and A Contract Customs Brokers, licensed to carry out customs-related responsibilities on your behalf. This ensures the compliance and quick release of your product through Canadian Customs.

For more information on importing into Canada, please visit the CBSA's Step-by-Step Guide to Importing.

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