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Wednesday, October 6, 2010

10 misconceptions that are holding Linux back

http://blogs.techrepublic.com.com/10things/?p=1861

A lot of obsolete concerns are floating around and preventing users from embracing Linux. Jack Wallen debunks some of the common myths and explains what you could be missing.


I hear it all the time: "Linux can't do this or Linux can't do that"… or: "You have to jump through a million hoops to get something simple to work in Linux." The litany of FUD and myth is as deep as Bill Gates' pockets. But it's not the cornucopia of un-truths that concerns me, it's the certainty of the people who spout them. So I figured I would take a moment to dispel these issues before anyone else can spread their vicious tone further. Not all of these issues are known as deal-breakers. But as a whole, they could easily combine to keep anyone from jumping on the Linux bandwagon.

Note: This article is also available as a PDF download.

1: You have to write your own device drivers

This one really makes me laugh. In my 12 years' experience with Linux, the closest thing to a device driver I ever had to write was a bash script to keep a WinModem connected to my dial-up ISP. That was around 1997. Back then, it was quite a bit easier to find hardware that WOULDN'T work with Linux. That isn't so much the case now. Linux has grown exponentially in the realm of hardware support since the early days. And the only people writing hardware drivers are the companies making the hardware or the programmers working on the distributions (or various aspects of the kernel). No end user will ever see a device driver on that level with Linux.

2: You have to know the command line to use Linux

Again I laugh. I challenge Linux users to see how long they can perform their day-to-day tasks without the command line. You will be surprised at how long you can go. Oh sure, the command line is much more efficient than its GUI alternatives. But if you don't want to use the multitude of commands Linux offers, you don't HAVE to use them. If you can't go an entire release cycle of a distribution without having to use the command line, you haven't explored the GUI much. Get out! Explore. Get to know your surroundings.

3: Games will keep Linux from succeeding

As much as gamers want to think this, it is simply not true. Games do not make or break the Windows operating system, nor will they make or break Linux. The most used applications on any given PC are the browser, email, word processor, spreadsheet, and finances. Outside of Solitaire and Web-based Flash games, games affect only a small portion of PC users. And any hardcore Linux user knows Cedega helps allow Windows games to be played on Linux.

4: Open source means the code isn't secure

Not true at all. Because the code can be viewed by the public, developers across the globe can submit possible fixes, ideas, and solutions. When the code is under the discriminating eye of the public, it had better be solid. Not only is the reputation of Linux on the line, so is the reputation of the developers who create it. The programmers' ego is a powerful force, and knowing their code is readily available is much more of a push than if their code was obfuscated from their peers. Bugs are also squashed much faster than they are with closed source code. And because Linux is updated more frequently than most other operating systems, those fixes get to the desktops and servers much sooner.

5: You can't open Microsoft documents in Linux

Untrue. Even the dreaded "docx" issue has been surmounted by OpenOffice. The big problem here is that Windows does not follow standards like it should. Because of this, Linux (and its constituent applications) must remain agile to constantly enable applications to open and save so that Microsoft Office users can collaborate. OpenOffice does this excellently. There's no longer and need to fear that by using Linux, you won't be able to work alongside your colleagues who prefer the Windows operating system.

6: The desktops are too hard to use

How long has it been since you've used any of the Linux desktops? The modern iterations of both GNOME and KDE are completely redefining user-friendly on the PC desktop. Both camps have created desktop environments that anyone can use and use well. They are sleek, professional, stable, and fast. But most of all, the desktops have been designed so that they are easy to use. You'll rarely find much (if any) learning curve with either GNOME or KDE. The main exception will be KDE's new Activities features. But once a user understands the concept of Activities, it's simple to use and makes the desktop much more efficient.

7: The Linux operating system doesn't play well with others

On the contrary ,Linux was made to be online and to talk to other operating systems and devices. And with the later releases of the desktops, even sharing folders with Windows and OS X machines has become a no-brainer. You want to network a Linux and a Windows machine? No problem. You want to network a Linux and a Mac machine? No problem. Linux to Linux? Again, no problem. Networking is one of the many strong points of the Linux operating system. Typically, Windows has far more issues connecting to other operating systems on a network.

8: There are no applications for Linux

Have you ever opened the Add/Remove Software utility? Linux has a plethora of outstanding applications, all housed in one convenient location. You don't have to bother searching the Web for applications; just fire up the tool and look around. If I look on Synaptic (one of the Add/Remove Software tools for Linux) on my Ubuntu 10.04 installation, I see 30,486 applications I can add or remove. All of them free. And even if only half of those applications are useful, that's still more than 15,000 applications… all in one convenient spot.

9: Windows is used on more PCs than any other OS in the world

To this, I say "Prove it". Yes, you can prove (within a certain percentage) how many installations of the various Windows operating systems there are. All you have to do is check the Microsoft records to see how many units have been sold. For Linux, this isn't so easy. If I just examine my own personal usage, I find that I have downloaded the Ubuntu 10.04 ISO and have installed it on numerous machines. And this is typical behavior. Because of the way Linux is distributed, it's nearly impossible to know just how many installations there are across the globe. Asia and Europe are rife with massive Linux deployments and have been since around 2005.

10: Linux has no hardware support

Years ago, this was the case. When you wanted a new video card or a new sound card, new printer, mouse, scanner, etc., you had to do your homework. You couldn't just hop over to the big box store, purchase that shiny new toy, plug it in, and watch it work. Fortunately, for the most part, those days are gone. You can now enjoy much broader hardware support now than you ever had before with Linux. You might still have issues in certain areas. But those areas are always centered around companies that refuse to release the specs on their hardware. Such companies are dwindling in number. NVidia, for example, offers outstanding support for Linux. And with the help of proprietary drivers, even the wireless issues are becoming a thing of the past. Is it perfect? No. There are still pieces of hardware that are iffy in their support. But if the trend continues, Linux will soon enjoy as wide a range of support as does Windows.

Myth or reality?

The FUD machine is slowly coming to a creaking, grinding halt, and Linux continues to slowly gain momentum. Over the last 12 years, I have seen a huge shift not only in support but in perception of Linux, and open source, as a whole. What do you think? Are these issues merely myths or they still very much alive? Sound off!


未来必不可少的5个IT技能

http://www.jobbole.com/entry.php/229

发表人]: [发表时间]:2010-09-20 12:01 AM (1859 查看)
  导读:虽然IT知识将更加普及,但雇主们将更加青睐如下5种专用技能。

  在2020年,专业技术知识将不再是IT部门的唯一领域了。整个公司/组织的员工应当要理解如何把IT技术运用到他们的工作之中。

  但未来学家和IT专家说,最吃香的IT相关技术包括:挖掘海量数据、保护系统免遭安全威胁、管理新系统下日益复杂的风险以及如何利用技术提高生产率。


  1. 数据分析

  据IDC市场研究人员估计,到2020年全球每年产生的数据量将达到35ZB,也就是3500万亿GB。(注:1 ZB =1,048,576 PB;1 PB= 1,048,576 GB;这个数据很抽象。)IDC的首席研究员John Gantz说:"用普通的DVD一张一张地摞起来,可以从地球摞两个堆到月球。"

未来必不可少的5个IT技能 - 数据分析  伯乐在线-职场博客

  有了这样庞大的数据,这就不仅要求IT从业人员有能力分析海量数据,并且要和业务部门合作,确认哪些数据是可用的,从哪里获取这些有用的数据。

  这些混合型的从业人员将同时具备IT专长和业务流程与运作的知识背景。IT人力研究机构Foote Partners公司的董事长兼CEO David Foote说:"他们是那些了解客户需求的,并且知道如何把信息转换为赢利的人。如果你有更多这样的理解整个数据'供应链'的雇员,你的获利也更多。"

  编者注:这一技能也是(美国)未来10大最好工作之一的"数据分析预测员"的必杀技之一。


  2. 风险管理

  未来学家David Pearce Snyder说:"风险管理技能的高需求将会持续到2020年,尤其当(各种)业务和愈发愈发的IT之间关系很紧密。比如,前段时间英国石油在墨西哥湾的油井泄漏中所涉及的IT技术,还有丰田公司处理'加速门'事件。"(编者注:丰田承认汽车黑匣子阅读器存在软件缺陷。)

未来必不可少的5个IT技能 - 风险管理  伯乐在线-职场博客

  Snyder还说:"当我们处于快速创新的时代(这一趋势将持续到2020年),我们会碰到意想不到法律问题;当我们想在这错综复杂的世界搞点创新,很肯能就要碰到这样或那样的问题。"(所以,)企业将寻求具备有风险管理能力的IT从业人员,以预测和应对挑战。



  3. 机器人技术

  据华盛顿的未来咨询学家Joseph Coates说,机器人将在2020年之前"接管"更多的工作。所以,具备机器人技术的IT从业人员将不愁没有饭吃。

未来必不可少的5个IT技能 - 机器人技术  伯乐在线-职场博客

  Coates说:"我们可以把机器人看成类人设备,但我们还需扩大到所有自动化的设备。"机器人技术工作包括:研发、维护和修理。专家将在垂直市场探索相关技术的使用。比如:一些机器人专家可能专注健康护理和研发康复中心的设施,另一些专家肯能为残疾人发明设备或为儿童发明学习工具。

  编者注:这一技能也是(美国)未来10大最好工作之一的"人机交互专家"的必杀技之一。


  4. 信息安全

  根据PricewaterhouseCoopers的报告:因为我们上网所花的时间将越来越多,面对面的交互将越来越少,更多的个人信息将在网上曝光,可以轻易冒充他人的新技术也很多,所以在2020年之前,认证用户身份和保护隐私将成重大挑战。远程工作人员也将成为劳动大军的主力,这也就带来更多的信息安全隐患。
未来必不可少的5个IT技能 - 信息安全  伯乐在线-职场博客

  编者注:"远程工作人员"也称"居家工作人员",即那些可以在家通过网络即可上班的人员。

  Foote解释说:"我们处于一个危险的环境,虽然很多雇员都精通技术,但他们却并不理解信息安全是最重要的。"Foote预测这个状况将在2020年有改善,因为很多公司将信息安全方面投入更多,包括数据中心、网络连接和远程访问。


  5. 网络技术

  Snyder回应美国劳工统计局的预测说,"网络系统和数据通信管理在2020年仍将是头等大事,但是因为很多公司将想方设法避免增员,所以他们向顾问咨询如何提高产能和效率。"

未来必不可少的5个IT技能 - 网络技术  伯乐在线-职场博客

  "如果已经尽量裁员了,那么现在只能提高生产率了。应当有人来告诉我们如何更好地使用现有的网络技术。"


Two Top Tools for Cracking the PDF Nut

http://www.linuxinsider.com/alert/70965.html
By Jack M. Germain
LinuxInsider
10/06/10 5:00 AM PT

Okular and Evince are two excellent, versatile PDF viewers for the Linux platform. The big difference between the two rests in the interface. Evince has a much simpler design. Okular is more focused on a graphical view. If all you do is view documents, then either of these two programs will serve your needs well. However, if you need to add notes for presentations or collaborative projects, Evince comes up a bit short.

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