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Monday, January 10, 2011

二十个你必须知道的SEO概念

http://www.williamlong.info/archives/2482.html
-月光博客

  1. 搜索引擎营销 (SEM)

  搜索引擎营销(SEM)英文全称为Search Engine Marketing,意指通过搜索引擎进行服务和产品的营销。搜索引擎营销又主要分为两种:搜索引擎优化(SEO)和付费点击(PPC,Pay-Per-Click)。搜索引擎优化(SEO)指通过优化网站和页面并让它们在搜索结果的页面中展示,而付费点击(PPC)指通过购买搜索引擎的点击将用户带到自己的网站。(通常)这些点击来自搜索结果页面中的"赞助商链接"(译注:显然不适用于百度)。

  2. 反向链接(Backlink)

  反向链接(Backlink)又称为"回指链接""入链"和"简易链接",指从其他网站指向你的网站的一个超级链接。反向链接之所以对SEO异常重要,是因为它们直接影响一个网页的页面等级(PageRank),以及这个页面在搜索结果中的排名。

  3. 页面等级(PageRank)

  页面等级( PageRank) 是Goolgle用来评估一个页面相对于其他页面的重要性的一个算法规则。这个算法规则最基本的意思就是说,如果A页面有一个链接指向B页面,那就可以看作是A页面对B页面的一种信任或推荐。所以,如果一个页面的反向链接越多,再根据这些链接的价值加权越高,那搜索引擎就会判断这样的页面更为重要,页面等级(PageRank)也就越高。

  4. 链接诱饵(饵链)(Linkbait)

  链接诱饵(Linkbait),顾名思义这是一个网站或一个博客上为了尽可能多地吸引反向链接(目的是提高网站的PR值)而存在的一段内容。通常,这些做为诱饵的内容为文字内容,但也可以是一段视频、一张图片、一个测验或其他的热门的内容。最经典的诱饵内容的例子是"十大(Top 10)",因为这样的内容在一些社交网站很容易流行起来成为热门话题(译注:这个话题貌似已经臭街了)。

  5. 互链车间或互链作坊(Link farm)

  互链工厂或互链作坊(Link farm)是指很多网站(通常数量很大)为了提高组成一个类似车间或作坊式的团体,通过彼此的互相链接来提高团体每一个的网站的页面评级的手段。早期,这种方法很有用,但现在已经成为一种不耻的作弊手段(并可能会收到惩罚)。

  6. 锚文本(Anchor text)

  锚文本(Anchor text)在反向链接中是指一个页面中可点击的文本,而其中的关键词对搜索引擎优化(SEO)有很大的帮助,因为Google会将这些关键词和你的内容关联起来。

  7. 链接属性-NoFollow

  Nofollow是网站管理员使用的一个链接属性,其目的是告诉搜索引擎他们并不是为该链接所指向的网站投票。这种链接也可能是网站用户自己创造的内容(比如博客评论中的链接),或者是一个付费交易的链接(比如广告或赞助商的链接)。当Google识别到这些反向链接的NoFollow属性后,基本就不会在页面评级和搜索结果排名的算法中将这些链接的贡献计算在内了。

  8. 链接修饰(Link Sculpting)

  链接修饰(Link Sculpting)是指网站管理员对网站上其他网站的反向链接进行属性设置。比如,管理员给链接添加Nofollow属性,这可以让管理员决定利用自己的网站为具体某个网站提高页面评级,或者不帮助具体某个网站提高网页评级。不过,现在这种做法的作用已经微乎其微,因为Google已经决定要用自己的算法来决定怎么处理链接的Nofollow属性。

  9. 页面标题(Title Tag)

  页面标题(Title Tag),顾名思义是指一个页面的标题中,这也是Google搜索算法中最重要的一个参考。理论上,你的页面标题要独一无二并尽可能多地包括页面内容中的关键词。你在浏览网页时可以从浏览器最上方看到一个网页的标题。

  10. 元标签(Meta Tags)

  元标签(Meta Tags)和页面标题一般,主要用于为搜索引擎提供更多关于你页面内容的信息。元标签位于HTML代码的头部,还有就是对长眼睛的访客是不可见的。

  11. 搜索算法(Search Algorithm)

  Google的搜索算法是为了给每一次搜索请求找到最为相关的网站和页面而设定。这个算法考量的因素超过200种(谷歌自称),其中包括页面等级、标题、元标签、网站内容,以及域名的年龄等。

  12. 搜索结果页面(SERP)

  搜索结果页面(SERP)的英文全称为Search Engine Results Page.基本上,这就是你平时在Google键入关键词回车后的页面了。你的网站从这个页面得到的流量取决于你的网站在搜索结果中的排名等级。

  13. 沙盒(Sandbox)

  Google除了所有网站的索引之外,还有一个单独的索引沙盒,那里面是新近发现和收录的网站。当你的网站存在这个沙盒之中时,它就不会在一般的搜索结果中出现,而只有当Google确认了你的网站是合法的,这才会将其从沙盒中移出进入所有网站的索引。

  14. 关键词密度(Keyword Density)

  如何判断一个特定页面的关键词密度?你只要将一个关键词使用的次数除以页面的总词数就可以了。关键词密度过去是搜索引擎优化中非常重要的一个因素,因为早期的搜索算法对此十分看重,但现在已经时过境迁了。

  15.关键词堆积(Keyword Stuffing)

  因为早期搜索算法对关键词密度非常看重,站长们便通过使用人工堆积关键词的手法来作弊和蒙骗搜索引擎。这种手法就叫做关键词堆积,当然现在已经没用了,而且你还可能会因此受到惩罚。

  16. 障眼法(Cloaking)

  障眼法(Cloaking)是指利用代码在同一个页面上让机器人和真人看到不一样的内容。其目的是为了让页面通过关键词而提升页面评级,而真正的目的是推销和出售各种不相关的产品或服务。当然,这也是一种作弊的手段,有很大可能会受到搜索引擎惩罚,甚至剔除。

  17. 网络爬虫或网络蜘蛛(Web Crawler)

  网络爬虫或网络蜘蛛(Web Crawler)也简称为爬虫或蜘蛛,代表搜索引擎在网路上进行浏览,目的是发现新的链接和页面,这是进行索引的第一个环节。

  18. 复制内容(Duplicate Content)

  复制内容(Duplicate Content)也叫"重复内容",通常是指一个页面在引用了站内或站外的大段实质内容,或者是存在完全相同和极其相似的情况,而这也是一个网站应该尽量避免发生的情况,否则很容易让你的网站受到惩罚。

  19. 标准链接(Canonical URL)

  标准链接(Canonical URL)是指一个网页的链接要符合规范和标准。

  20. 机器人协议(Robots.txt)

  机器人协议(Robots.txt)不过是一个TXT文本文件,存在于你域名根目录之下,作用是将网站的目录结构信息告诉爬虫和蜘蛛,并限制其对特定文件夹和内容的访问,或者是完全将它们关在门外。

  英文链接:20 SEO Terms You Should Know

  中文译者:阿莫「一日一博,天天向上」

Saturday, December 25, 2010

5 ways to recycle or revitalize your old computer

http://downloadsquad.switched.com/2010/12/24/5-ways-to-recycle-or-revitalize-your-old-computer/?utm_source=feedburner&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=Feed%3A+weblogsinc%2Fdownloadsquad+%28Download+Squad%29&utm_content=Google+Feedfetcher
Christmas is coming, and you're about to have a ton of time off. Some of that time will be spent energetically tearing apart beautifully-wrapped gifts, and eating food is certainly next on the list of priorities. Obviously you have to play with your new gifts (or put on your new socks), but after that... after the postprandial sofa-surfing grunts and burps and farts... well, there isn't a whole lot you can do.

The other big thing about Christmas is the amount of waste it produces. Wrapping paper, cards, ribbons, the plastic packaging of the presents themselves... there's an awful lot of trash on Christmas Day. Then, of course, you need to throw out all of the things that have been replaced by new gifts: old kitchen appliances, clothes, televisions, printers and, most importantly, computers. A new laptop or desktop is incredibly cheap nowadays, which makes them very popular gifts.

But shouldn't we do something with the old stuff, rather than just throwing it out? Of course, you couldFreecycle, or give your clothes to charity -- but hold onto those old computers! You'd be surprised with how many cool things you can do with an old desktop or laptop computer. You could finally learn how to use Linux, or set up a media center PC so that you can watch downloaded movies on your TV. You could create a locked-down box for your kids to surf the Web on, or a network-attached storage server for your backups. There's almost no end to the list of neat things you can do with an old PC!

Tux, the Linux mascot1. Format the hard drive and install Linux

Every computer, as it grows older, aspires to one day be a Linux box -- Linux puts a bounce in the step of any computer, no matter how old it is. It's like the retirement home of PCs. If you've got an older (pre-2005) computer on your hands, it would be ideal for more menial tasks, like downloading torrents. Newer processors are quite capable of doing fancy things, like transcoding HD video in real time (more about that later) and streaming it to your TV.

As for which Linux distro you should install, you can't go far wrong with Ubuntu. The Desktop version is a good starting point if you've never used Linux before, but there's also a Server buildif you're feeling adventurous, or if you're a developer. Ubuntu is probably the most universal as far as hardware support goes, too, which hopefully means you won't have to spend hours hacking your Wi-Fi card into submission...

Once you've got Ubuntu installed, get reading the documentation. You'll be surprised at how 'familiar' Ubuntu feels, but at the same time, don't expect to become a Linux pro without a lot of experience.

2. Convert your desktop or laptop into a media center/home theater PC

Samsung Plasma TV
You have two options when making a media center PC: either you make a complete system that outputs video via VGA or DVI and plugs straight into the TV, or, if you have a newer TV that has an Ethernet (LAN) socket, you stream video over your local network using DLNA.

In most cases, it's easier to have a computer close to your TV, and connected directly via VGA or DVI. Most people don't want a computer in their living room, though, especially if it's ugly or noisy. The next best option, then, is to hide your media center PC in a cupboard somewhere, and run a long cable to the TV. A 10 meter DVI cable isn't cheap (about $40), but it's a small price to pay to remove the sound of whirring computer fans from the living room.

The other alternative, DLNA -- hooking your media center PC up to the home network -- is more advanced, but also much more powerful. There are good, free options for both Windows (TVersity) and Linux (uShare). Your media center PC could also double up as your BitTorrent box -- so all of your downloaded TV shows and movies are automatically in the right place and ready to stream.

It's worth noting that you could just use your own, new computer to stream video to your TV -- you don't have to use a separate computer. Also, if you don't have a new TV that supports DLNA, but you do have an Xbox 360 or PS3, you can stream to your console, which will then output to your TV!

3. Make a bullet-proof Web surfing box for your kids, a loved one, or for yourself

If you only have one computer at home, or a computer that's shared by a few people, it will have the tendency to get very messy very quickly. If you have kids, or someone in your family that doesn't quite understand 'safe surfing', it won't be long before the computer attracts its very first malware infection. If you're lucky, you'll be able to clean it up with Malwarebytes -- but if you're unlucky, you might be forced to format, thus potentially losing lots of important documents and photos.

Really, the best solution is to keep work and play separate. It's just common sense: don't store important files or check your online bank on an untrusted computer. Fortunately, it's really easy to make a bullet-proof Web surfing box that is just for surfing (and playing a few Flash games, of course!)

Again, you could use Linux (Ubuntu!), or if you have a spare Windows 7 or XP license, use that! Almost everyone knows how to use Windows, so they'll be able to jump right in -- but of course, if you're a bearded type, you might want to take this chance to teach your kids the basics of a real operating system.

There's no real need to burden the Web surfing box with things like virus scanners -- it'll just make a slow computer even slower. Instead, just roll the entire system back with something like Comodo Time Machine.

4. Grab a cheap hard drive (or two), and make a Network-Attached Storage (NAS) device for easy home backups

In the past year alone, I've generated something in the region of three terabytesof digital photos and videos. Because I sell my photos, I have to keep them backed up. For most people, backing up to the cloud with something likeSugarSync is ideal, but if you have vast amounts of data, a NAS, or network-attached storage device, is by far the better choice. Unless you have a fast Internet connection, a NAS might be your only choice, too.

A NAS is basically a bunch of hard drives attached to a LAN. With Samba shares, you can make those drives appear as local drives, which as you can imagine makes backing up files a very trivial task.

The best and easiest way to make a NAS is to grab FreeNAS, a FreeBSD (similar to Linux) distribution. Put it on a USB flash drive (it's only a few megabytes), plug it into your old computer... and that's it! Well, you may need to do some fiddling if FreeNAS doesn't detect your hardware, but there's a lot of documentation, and the support forums are great.

Earlier this year, I grabbed some cheap 1TB drives (they're only about $50 now), a gigabit Ethernet switch ($40), and made my own FreeNAS box. It's liberating to have almost limitless amounts of free space (it's trivial to plug in a new drive), and great to know I have a backup if my main system dies. Did I mention that you can use a FreeNAS box as a BitTorrent client too...?

5. Dismantle it -- or upgrade it!

If I'm brutally honest, most of my new computer purchases have been to replace broken computers. It's probably something to do with pushing the hardware beyond its limits, or something. Anyway: it makes little sense to give a broken computer to someone -- and it will most likely just get scrapped if you give it to charity -- so you only really have two options: upgrade it, or dismantle it.

Upgrading a computer is surprisingly easy -- but you need to know your way around a computer's innards, or you'll just end up breaking it further. If you've never dismantled a computer, now's your opportunity! Whilemicrochips are infinitely complex, the actual layout of a computer is surprisingly easy to understand. Before you know it, you'll be able to point out the RAM and CPU, and, one day, maybe even locate the fabled BIOS/CMOS reset jumper.

To get you started, Instructables has a fantastic guide on how to dismantle a desktop computer. Laptops, on the other hand, vary a lot between manufacturers -- they're also a lot harder to take apart. In general, I wouldn't recommend trying to fix or upgrade a laptop yourself, but if you just want to dismantle it, check this guide on taking a Sony Vaio apart.

Now, having dismantled a computer, you have the opportunity to upgrade it. If you can locate the motherboard's serial/model number (it will be on the board itself), you can then find out whether it can accommodate a faster CPU or more RAM. Once you've successfully upgraded the computer, give it to a friend, or close family member -- it would make an ideal Christmas present...

If you know of other great ways to rejuvenate old and unwanted computers, leave a comment!

TAGS: BACKUP, COMPUTER, DESKTOP, DISMANTLE, DLNA, FEATURES, FREENAS, HARDWARE, HGG, HOW-TO, LAPTOP,LINUX, NAS, NETWORKING, RECYCLING, STORAGE, STREAMING, TV, VIDEO, WEB, WINDOWS

Sunday, December 19, 2010

谷歌纵横登录iPhone应用商店

http://www.williamlong.info/archives/2448.html
-月光博客

  今天,Google的LBS应用谷歌纵横(Google Latitude)终于登陆苹果iTunes应用商店(iTunes App Store),iPhone手机用户终于可以使用谷歌纵横了,而之前iPhone用户只能从浏览器上使用网页版的谷歌纵横,而Android手机则早已经在谷歌地图中集成了谷歌纵横。

  在2009年2月Google推出Google Latitude之后,曾经推出过相应的iPhone应用,但很快被苹果封杀,同时被封杀的还有原生的Google Voice应用,苹果这一做法遭到美国联邦通信委员会的调查,也使得苹果和谷歌的关系渐趋紧张。

  最近,苹果放宽了对App Store应用商店的限制,iPhone版Google Voice应用也于11月进入App Store,于是这次Google Latitude也成功进入了App Store应用商店,实现了主流智能手机上的覆盖率。

谷歌纵横

  谷歌纵横(Google Latitude)是一个基于地理位置的手机定位服务,可以在手机后台自动执行,每隔几分钟自动记录用户的地理位置,并可以在网页端查看,实乃居家旅行,跨省追捕的好工具。

谷歌纵横

  Google此次推出的iPhone版谷歌纵横包括37种语言,适用于iPhone 3GS、iPhone 4、第三代和第四代iPod Touch等苹果产品。如果用户手机有GPS功能的话,Google的位置定位可以精确到几米之内,否则的话,依靠移动基站得到的位置误差范围有几公里。对于注重隐私的手机用户来说,可以选择"手动在地图上选择位置"或者"隐藏位置"不让好友看到自己的地理位置。

谷歌纵横

  谷歌纵横应用商店地址:http://itunes.apple.com/us/app/google-latitude/id306586497?mt=8

  谷歌纵横Web网址是:google.com/latitude


Saturday, December 18, 2010

百度识图上线

http://www.williamlong.info/blog/archives/636.html
-月光微博客

  百度识图是百度图片搜索近期推出的一项新功能。常规的图片搜索,是通过输入关键词的形式搜索到互联网上相关的图片资源,而百度识图则能实现用户通过上传图片或输入图片地址,从而搜索到互联网上与这张图片相似的其他图片资源,同时也能找到这张图片相关的信息。

  早先较为知名的"以图搜图"的搜索引擎是"Tineye"图片搜索

  百度识图网站地址:http://shitu.baidu.com

  作者:williamlong

腾讯推出QQ手机地图

http://www.williamlong.info/blog/archives/637.html
月光微博客

  谷歌地图的竞争对手来了,腾讯QQ推出Android版QQ手机地图1.0,支持GPS、WiFi等快速定位,支持离线和在线方式浏览地图,支持公交或驾车路线,可以寻找附件的餐馆、酒店、银行、公园等。谷歌地图因为政策问题不得不在中国地图上进行位置偏移,腾讯QQ地图应该不会有定位偏移吧。

  安装了一下QQ手机地图的Android版,目前只有交通地图,没有卫星地图,定位偏移就不太好测了,看起来似乎是没有偏移。QQ地图深圳地区的地图数据没有谷歌地图详细,没有指南针功能,没有图层,功能比谷歌地图的Android版少太多了,QQ地图有的功能谷歌地图都具备,而且功能更强,QQ手机地图目前和谷歌地图相比还没有什么竞争力。QQ离线地图可能是跟谷歌地图相比唯一的优势,不过,新版的Android谷歌地图5.0已经加入了对离线地图的支持,Android用户可以在无需联网的情况下查看谷歌地图。

  腾讯QQ地图如果真想有竞争力的话,其实也很简单,我现在就能想到腾讯QQ地图的一个杀手级的功能,就是显示QQ用户好友的最近的地理位置,类似谷歌纵横,估计这玩意收费的话也会有很多人购买的。隐私这东西可真是很值钱的。

  腾讯QQ地图官方页面:http://map.qq.com/mobile/index.html

  作者:williamlong

Thursday, December 16, 2010

Wifi Analyzer for Android helps you pick the best channel for your Wi-Fi network

http://downloadsquad.switched.com/2010/12/16/wifi-analyzer-for-android-helps-you-pick-the-best-channel-for-your-wi-fi-network/?utm_source=feedburner&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=Feed%3A+weblogsinc%2Fdownloadsquad+%28Download+Squad%29
Most people rarely think about this, but your Wi-Fi hot-spot is actually broadcasting its signal on something called achannel. In North America, you can pick one of 11 channels; in most of the world you can pick one of 13.

Still, most routers and access points come with a pre-set default (that appears to be 11, at least for the routers around me). When you have several routers broadcasting on the same channel, this can lead to some interference and a performance hit. If you live somewhere fairly isolated and your Wi-Fi signal is the only one in range, you've got nothing to worry about.

On the other hand, if you're trying to survive in a dense urban jungle, surrounded by paper-thin walls and lots of Wi-Fi-using neighbors, you may gain a bit of a performance boost by switching your access point's channel to a less congested one.

Wifi Analyzer is an Android application that helps you figure out exactly what that channel is. The screenshot to the right shows how channels 9 and 10 are occupied by a couple of wireless network fighting over the same frequency, while my network (the red one) lives comfortably on channel 1.

WiFi analyzer

Wifi analyzer offers several views, including a simple "channel rating" screen with no graph, if you just want to quickly figure out what's the best channel for you. A beautiful app, and free. QR code is after the jump.

TAGS: 802.11, ANALYZER, ANDROID, NETWORKING, SSID, WI-FI, WIFI, WIFI ANALYZER, WIFI CHANNEL,WIFIANALYZER, WIFICHANNEL, WIRELESS, WLAN

Play back your audio files at a different speed or pitch

http://www.ubuntugeek.com/play-it-slowly-play-back-your-audio-files-at-a-different-speed-or-pitch.html?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=rss&utm_campaign=play-it-slowly-play-back-your-audio-files-at-a-different-speed-or-pitch

Play it slowly is a software to play back audio files at a different speed or pitch. It does also allow you to loop over a certain part of a file. It's intended to help you learn or transcribe songs. It can also play videos thanks to gstreamer. Play it slowly is intended to be used on a GNU/Linux system like Ubuntu.

Features

* Plays every file gstreamer does (mp3, ogg vorbis, midi, even flv!)
* Can use alsa and jack
* Change speed and pitch
* Loop over certain parts
* Export to wav

Install Play it slowly in ubuntu

Download deb packge from here once you have deb package you can install by double clicking on it.

Or run the following command from correct location

sudo dpkg -i playitslowly_1.3.1_all.deb

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Windows和Ubuntu双系统完全独立的安装方法

http://www.ubuntuhome.com/windows-and-ubuntu-install.html  | Ubuntu Home Posted by Snow on 2012/06/25 安装Windows和Ubuntu双系统时,很多人喜欢先安装windows,然...